Summary:
Before a palaeoartist can produce a plausible reconstruction of an extinct vertebrate such as a Marsupial Lion Thylacoleo carnifex (left) or an Antarctic dinosaur Cryolophosaurus ellioti (right), they need to work with palaeontologists to determine the approximate size and orientation of muscle masses attaching to the different elements of the skeleton. Often this understanding can be deduced by the size and shape of ‘muscle scars’, roughened areas where the muscles originated or inserted onto bone surfaces.
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