Figure

Plate 16.1. M. oryzae and X. oryzae disease symptoms. (A) Rice blast symptoms (M. oryzae Oryza pathotype) occur on all above ground parts of the plant. Shown from left to right are leaf blast, neck blast and panicle blast. Sources: Barbara Valent (Kansas State University) for leaf blast and Yeshi Wamishe (University of Arkansas) for neck and panicle blast. (B) Symptoms of wheat blast (M. oryzae Triticum pathotype) occur mainly on heads in the field. Infection of the rachis (shown) causes death and bleaching of all spikelets above the infection point. Source: Guillermo Isidoro Barea Vargas (Coperagro SRL, Bolivia). (C) Symptoms of bacterial blight of rice (X. oryzae pv. oryzae). Plants in an advanced stage of bacterial blight infection show straw-coloured leaves. The inset shows typical wavy elongated lesions. Source: Modified from Vera Cruz et al. (2017). (D) Rice plants showing symptoms of bacterial leaf streak, X. oryzae pv. oryzicola in the field. The inset shows yellow bacterial exudates on a leaf. Source: Modified from Vera Cruz et al. (2017).